# Kisspeptin References: The Cited Literature

> Kisspeptin references: the full cited source list behind this digest — PubMed-indexed studies and reviews on KISS1, GPR54/KISS1R, and the human kisspeptin trials, with DOIs and PMIDs.

The PubMed-indexed studies and reviews cited across these pages, with DOIs and PMIDs for verification.

## About these Kisspeptin references

Every quantitative claim across this digest maps to one of the sources below. The list spans the founding genetics (the KISS1 discovery and the GPR54/KISS1R puberty mutations), the GnRH-neuron mechanism, and the human trials in men, women with hypothalamic amenorrhea, and IVF patients. Each entry carries a DOI or PubMed identifier so any claim can be checked at its source. These are PubMed-indexed primary studies and peer-reviewed reviews; no claim on this site rests on an uncited source.

## References

[1] Seminara SB, Messager S, Chatzidaki EE, et al. The GPR54 gene as a regulator of puberty. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(17):1614-1627. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14573733/
[2] Liu X, Lee K, Herbison AE. Kisspeptin excites gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons through a phospholipase C/calcium-dependent pathway regulating multiple ion channels. Endocrinology. 2008;149(9):4605-4614. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18483150/
[3] George JT, Veldhuis JD, Roseweir AK, et al. Kisspeptin-10 is a potent stimulator of LH and increases pulse frequency in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(8):E1228-E1236. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21632807/
[4] Jayasena CN, Abbara A, Veldhuis JD, et al. Increasing LH pulsatility in women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea using intravenous infusion of kisspeptin-54. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(6):E953-E961. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24517142/
[5] Abbara A, Jayasena CN, Christopoulos G, et al. Efficacy of kisspeptin-54 to trigger oocyte maturation in women at high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(9):3322-3331. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26192876/
[6] Mills EG, Abbara A, Dhillo WS, et al. Intranasal kisspeptin administration rapidly stimulates gonadotropin release in humans. EBioMedicine. 2025;115:105689. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40215751/
[7] Velmurugan H, Mannava AS, Thangaraju P, Neelambaran K. Kisspeptin and its current clinical status - a systematic review. Curr Med Chem. 2025;32:1313-1322. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38265397/
[8] Lee JH, Miele ME, Hicks DJ, et al. KiSS-1, a novel human malignant melanoma metastasis-suppressor gene. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1996;88(23):1731-1737. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8944003/
[9] Nash KT, Welch DR. The KISS1 metastasis suppressor: mechanistic insights and clinical utility. Front Biosci. 2006;11:647-659. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16146758/
[10] Teles MG, Bianco SD, Brito VN, et al. A GPR54-activating mutation in a patient with central precocious puberty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(7):709-715. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18272894/
[11] Topaloglu AK, Tello JA, Kotan LD, et al. Inactivating KISS1 mutation and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(7):629-635. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22335740/
[12] Chan YM, Lippincott MF, Sales Barroso P, et al. Divergent responses to kisspeptin in children with delayed puberty. JCI Insight. 2018;3(8):e99109. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29669934/
[13] Sato K, et al. Potent vasoconstrictor kisspeptin-10 induces atherosclerotic plaque progression and instability: reversal by its receptor GPR54 antagonist. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(4):e005790. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28411243/
[14] Jayasena CN, Abbara A, Narayanaswamy S, et al. Subcutaneous infusion of kisspeptin-54 stimulates gonadotrophin release in women and the response correlates with basal oestradiol levels. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;85(1):19-25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26572695/
[15] Rance NE, Dacks PA, Mittelman-Smith MA, et al. Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: a novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2013;34(3):211-227. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23872331/
[16] Jayasena CN, Nijher GM, Chaudhri OB, et al. Subcutaneous injection of kisspeptin-54 acutely stimulates gonadotropin secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea, but chronic administration causes tachyphylaxis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(11):4315-4323. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19820030/
[17] Mills EG, Comninos AN, Dhillo WS, et al. Kisspeptin administration stimulates reproductive hormones but does not affect anxiety in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025;110:dgaf128. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40036336/
[18] Abbara A, Al-Memar M, Phylactou M, et al. Kisspeptin in the prediction of pregnancy complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:942664. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35928889/

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A discovery-first reading of the Kisspeptin record — the KISS1 gene traced from metastasis suppressor to the master switch above GnRH, every human finding logged to its source and the not-approved, not-a-supplement status held in plain sight; no clinic behind the cascade, and nothing here dosed, dispensed, or sold.